The 4th International Conference on Agricultural and Biological Sciences (ABS 2018)
June 26th-29th, 2018, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Prof. Dr. Moniruzzaman Khondker Department of Botany, University of Dhaka, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh |
Speech Title: Crop plants and food security: How do we go? Abstract: Crop plants are one of the vital components of our agricultural system which directly supply our food along with other essential commodities needed for the sustenance of our life. They do have a tremendous commercial and economic role in our society. There may be 350,000 species of plants in the world of which nearly 80,000 are edible. At present 150 species are actively cultivated and of these, 30 species produce 95% of human calories and proteins. About one half of the food for us is derived from four crop plants, namely rice (Oryza sativa L.), maize (Zea mays L.), wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) which are fully of terrestrial origin. Most marine food is still largely harvested from the sea, but this technology is now changing. Crop plants have direct relation with the food security. By food security we mean having physical, social and economic access by all people on this globe and at all times to sufficient, safe and nutritious food to meet the dietary needs of our productive healthy life. Through out the whole world, there should be a long-term development strategy to help countries feed their own people. Currently global food security is jeopardized by the sequences of climate change events thought to be occurring on the surface of the earth. Other threatening factors against food security are the non-homogeneous distribution of the crop plants on earth, scarcity of irrigation water, rate of new crop plant species introduction, shrinking of cultivable agricultural lands, etc. Of all these bars, sea level rise and a shift in global temperature and agricultural pattern on the earth due to climate change have been considered as most serious. In the recent time, the discovery or creation of new crops is also a rare and unusual event. Food safety could be aligned to the food security and the quality deterioration of the former imposes strong pressure on the latter. Current thoughts of scientists, biologists and agriculturalists to address the above mentioned problems related to food security and availability of crop plants have been elaborated in this talk. Mitigating the greenhouse gas CO2 from the atmosphere by using functional ‘oceanic afforestation ecosystem’ is a recent scientific back up. The current trend of research in the crop plants has also been highlighted. |
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Prof. Dr. Francesco Secundo Institute of Chemistry of Molecular Recognition, National Research Council of Italy, Milan, Italy |
Speech Title: Lipids and lipases for lipids modification Abstract: Fatty acids (FA) composition in lipids and phospholipids has been widely studied, because of the potential impact on human health. In particular, the discussion at the meeting of the Federation of European Nutrition Societies in Berlin, October 2015, led to the conclusion that diet guidelines should continue to recommend limiting dietary saturated fatty acid (SAFA), but at the same time emphasize the importance of replacing SAFA with polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) to reduce cardiovascular disease risk [1]. SAFA consumption is regarded as an important risk factor for cardiovascular diseases (CVD), due to their association with increased blood cholesterol. Furthermore, replacement of trans-fatty acids with PUFA has the most favorable effect on reducing low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) and therefore the CVD risk. More... |
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